Note, this document is in the German language, as it emerged from an OCR scanning, contributed by Martin Stein, who offered the following comment:
1. August 26, 1997 - In Germany, the police in Dortmund analyzed all taxi security systems available (including GPS, shields, silent alarms, video, etc.) and concluded that the best system for preventing crime in taxis is video recording systems. The analysis was finished as 6 page report [as following] discussing these results.
Through the kindness of Dan and Cyd Setzer (Baltimore), a paraphrased translation into English is made available.
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Dortmund, 26. August 1997
Auf Einladung des KK V trafen sich am 01.08.1997, 10.00 Uhr,
Schwedenhaube
Ziel: Eine Polykarbonat-Scheibe hinter der Fahrerin / dem Fahrer soll uberraschende
Vorteil: Festhalten des Opfers durch den Tater nicht moglich
Nachteil: Wird offensichtlich weder vom Fahrpersonal noch von den Fahrgasten akzeptiert (Kontaktverlust).
Taxi-Dachschild-AlarmZiel:Soll Ausenstehende (Passanten, Anwohner, etc.) auf Uberfall aufmerksam machen, um schnellstmogliche Hilfeleistung fur Uberfallene Fahrerlnnen zu erreichen. Preis: zwischen 180,- und 400,-DM. Vorteil: "Stiller Alarm" wird vom Tater nicht wahrgenommen, dadurch keine Panikreaktion Nachteil- Keine Praventivwirkunq, da fur Tater kein erhohtes Risiko erkennbar
GPS SatellitenortungZiel:Schnelistmogliche Hilfeleistung fur uberfallene Fahrerlnnen durch genaue Standortbestimmung. Vorteil: "Stiller Alarm" wird vom Tater nicht wahrgenommen, dadurch keine Panikreaktion Bei Alarmauslosung kann der genaue Standort des Fz. sehr schnell festgesteilt und Hilfe entsandt werdenNachteil: Keine Praventivwirkung, da fur Tater kein erhohtes Risiko erkennbar
Video-UberwachungZiel:Soll Vorteil: Praventiv Nachteil: Keine Ortungsmoglichkeit des Fahrzeugs nach Uberfall dadurch moglicher Zeitverlust fur HilfeleistungZum Abschluss des Gespraches waren sich die Teilnehmer darin einig, dass grundsatzlich alle Systeme geeignet sind, in gewissem Umfang die Sicherheit der Fahrerinnen zu erhohen. Wie in anderen Sicherheitsbereichen werde es aber eine "absolute Sicherheit" leider niemals geben.
- Abschreckung zu erreichen, were als Optimalidsung eine Kombination von VideoUberwachung und Ortungssystem erforderlich. Diese Kombination ist zwar technisch machbar, sie durfte bei Realisierung aufgrund des sehr hohen Preises von Taxi-Untemehmen aber kaum gekauft werden. Nicht zuletzt auch darum scheint aus polizellicher Sicht, bei Abwagung aller Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Systeme, das VideoUberwachungssystem insbesondere wegen seiner starken Praventivwirkung am besten geeignet, die Zahl der Straftaten in Taxen zu verringern. Diese Aussage wird aurch gestutzt durch die Erfahrungen der zwei Taxiunternehmen in Dortmund und Luinen, die seit Einbau der VideoSysteme bisher keine Straftaten mehr zu verzeichnen hatten. Der Erfahrungsaustausch zwischen Hersteller, Anwender und Polizei mit dem gemeinsamen Ziel der Verhutung bzw. Verringerung von Straftaten war fur alle Besprechungsteilnehmer ausgesprochen positive Darum soll der Kontakt auch weiterhin aufrecht erhalten bleiben.
Herrn im Hause m.d.B. um Kenntnisnahme und Zustimmung ubersandt. i.v. - Knapp - KHK Anlage:
1. -E- Tischvorlage fur die PK
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Technical Prevention Anti-criminal Measures in Taxis and Buses The individuals named here met to consider security measures for taxicabs. Herr Betz and Herr Juretko are associated with the two largest taxi companies in Dortmund. Herr Rasumssen is from a commercial security company and I believe Herr Weidner is from the police department. The Advisory Division of the Dortmund police department notes that there are currently several safety systems available to protect taxi drivers such as: Shields Alarms GPS Video cameras It will quickly become clear that the effectiveness of each system is very different. ShieldGoal:A poly-carbonate shield behind the driver intended to hinder surprise attacks from the rear. Price: about 500 DM. Advantage: It is not possible to grab hold of the victim. Victim can flee the attack Inexpensive
Taxi Roof-Sign AlarmGoal:It makes passers-by and local residents aware of an attack on the driver so that they can call for help. Price: 180 to 400 DM. Advantages: Silent alarm will not be noticed by the attacker, therefore no panic reaction. Disadvantages: No preventive effect: The attacker will not be aware of heightened risk. Uninhabited areas: Discovery of the attack by others is unlikely and no help will be forthcoming. Time factor: An attack usually takes only a few seconds, so the assailant can count on getting away before help arrives. The assailant remains unknown: Danger of repeated offences.] GPS Satellite SystemGoal:Fastest possible help response for a driver under attack due to exact position location. Price: 1300 DM. Advantages: Silent alarm will not be noticed by the attacker and will not cause a panic reaction. From the moment of the alarm the exact location of the incident can be accurately determined and help dispatched. Disadvantages: No preventive effect: The attacker will not be aware of heightened risk. Time factor: An attack usually takes only a few seconds, so the assailant can count on getting away before help arrives. The assailant remains unknown: Danger of repeated offences. Bandwidth: The signal goes out over the company's radio frequency which leaves no additional channel for the company to call for help. Beyond an initial call for help no other information can be transmitted. Transmission Dead Spots: Enclosed parking garages, underground garages and under bridges. Notification: Only done when the driver is able to key the system.] Video-SurveillanceGoal:It should aid crime prevention and prosecution. Price: About 1700 DM Advantages: Preventive Higher risk clearly made known to the criminal by signage on the outside of the cab and by the presence of the camera itself in the vehicle. Also avoidance by "Every-day criminal acts" such as threats, cheating, injuries, and vandalism. Heightened feeling of security by the drivers, especially night drivers. Repressive The video image can greatly aid the police investigation. Every passenger will be photographed upon entering the vehicle. Thus, the attacker will be identifiable in every instance, even when the driver through injury or fear is unable or unwilling to point out the assailant. After 100 passengers the tape will be overwritten. The system will indicate malfunctions. It is difficult for the attacker to disable the system. The recording system is enclosed in a metal box. The driver will not have a key. Disadvantages: Following an attack there is no vehicle location ability, therefore possible delay in the time it takes for help to arrive. Price, it is the most expensive of the four systems. At the end of the conference all of the participants were agreed that each system offered some measure of protection to taxi drivers. However, as with all security systems none were able to offer "absolute safety." - Deterrence - Prosecution - Fastest possible victim aid the best possible system would be a combination the video system and the GPS system. This combination is technically available, but due to the high price it is unlikely to be deployed by many taxi companies. From the police department's point of view, after weighing the pros and cons of all of the systems, the video option is best suited, due to the clear deterrent value of video, to reduce the overall number of incidents. This opinion is supported by the experience of the two taxi companies in Dortmund and Luinen who, since the installation of video, have had hardly any incidents. This joint effort between industry, vendors and the police with the unified purpose of protecting drivers and reducing crime is viewed by all parties as being very positive and all have agreed to remain in contact. At the "Elektrotechnik" exposition in September 1997 the police department will display the possibilities made available by video surveillance for protection from attack in taxis and buses.] [Sorry, too many unknown acronyms in this section to translate in paraphrase form.] Because of the special value of video surveillance for taxis, buses and trains for criminal deterrence, a press conference will be arranged with the following goals:
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